Sebelum melaksanakan asuhan keperawatan pemenuhan aktifitas perawat terlebih dahulu harus mempelajari konsep - konsep tentang mobilisasi. Di bawah ini akan di bahas beberapa uraian penting antara lain :
- Pengertian mobilisasi
- Menjelaskan tujuan mobilisasi
- Faktor - faktor yang mempengaruhi mobilisasi
- Macam persendian diartrosis dan pergerakannya
- Tanda - tanda terjadinya intolerasi aktifitaS
- Masalah fisik akibat kurangnya mobilitas (Immobilisasi)
- Menjelaskan upaya pencegahan masalahyang timbul akibat kurangnya mobilisasi
- Macam - macam posisi klien di tempat tidur
1. Pengertian mobilisasiMobilisasi adalah suatu kondisi dimana tubuh dapat melakukan kegiatan dengan bebas (kosier, 1989)
2. Tujuan Mobilisasi al:
- Memenuhi kebutuhan dasar manusia
- Mencegah terjadinya trauma
- Mempertahankan tingkat kesehatan
- Mempertahankan interaksi sosial dan peran sehari - hari
- Mencegah hilangnya kemampuan fungsi tubuh
3. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi Mobilisasi:
- Gaya Hidup :Gaya hidup sesorang sangat tergantung dari tingkat pendidikannya. Makin tinggi tingkat pendidikan seseorang akan di ikuti oleh perilaku yang dapat meningkatkan kesehatannya. Demikian halnya dengan pengetahuan kesehatan tetang mobilitas seseorang akan senantiasa melakukan mobilisasi dengan cara yang sehat misalnya; seorang ABRI akan berjalan dengan gaya berbeda dengan seorang pramugari atau seorang pemambuk.
- Proses penyakit dan injury : Adanya penyakit tertentu yang di derita seseorang akan mempengaruhi mobilitasnya misalnya; seorang yang patah tulang akan kesulitan untukobilisasi secara bebas. Demikian pula orang yang baru menjalani operasi. Karena adanya nyeri mereka cenderung untuk bergerak lebih lamban. Ada kalanya klien harus istirahat di tempat tidurkarena mederita penyakit tertentu misallya; CVA yang berakibat kelumpuhan, typoid dan penyakit kardiovaskuler.
- Kebudayaan : Kebudayaan dapat mempengaruhi pola dan sikap dalam melakukan aktifitas misalnya; seorang anak desa yang biasa jalan kaki setiap hari akan berebda mobilitasnya dengan anak kota yang biasa pakai mobil dalam segala keperluannya. Wanita kraton akan berbeda mobilitasnya dibandingkan dengan seorang wanita madura dan sebagainya.
- Tingkat Energy : Setiap orang mobilisasi jelas memerlukan tenaga atau energi, orang yang lagi sakit akan berbeda mobilitasnya di bandingkan dengan orang sehat apalagi dengan seorang pelari.
- Usia dan status perkembangan : Seorang anak akan berbeda tingkat kemampuan mobilitasny dibandingkan dengan seorang remaja. Anak yang selalu sakit dalam masa pertumbuhannya akan berbeda pula tingkat kelincahannya dibandingkan dengan anak yang sering sakit.
- Tipe persendian dan pergerakan sendi : Dalam sistim muskuloskeletal dikenal 2 maca persendian yaitu sendi yang dapat digeragan (diartroses) dan sendi yang tidak dapat digerakan (siartrosis).
4. Toleransi Aktifitas : Selengkapnya Klik disini
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